BIGGEST SAVERS: Heat pump...Switching to the most economical ecological heating in Serbia costs from 3 to 15 thousand euros, but brings savings of up to 70 percent with state subsidies
Most households in Serbia are heated with solid fuels, while in Europe there is already a large shift to more economical and ecologically clean sources of electricity.
Heat pump is an electrically powered device that transfers thermal energy from the outside environment into the interior of the object that needs heating or cooling.
It uses the thermal energy of air, water or earth from our surroundings and transfers it to apartments, houses and other objects that need to be heated.
Heat pumps do not pollute. the environment, and in addition to this environmental criterion, they significantly affect the reduction of electricity bills.
The profitability of the heat pump depends on the initial conditions - initial heating system, type of building, weather conditions.
Heating costs can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent, which enables a quick return on the investment of installing heat pumps.
It is most profitable if the system that functioned on the consumption of electricity, such as heaters or electric boilers, is changed. Then the payment period ranges from 3 to 5 years.
Switching from gas heating to a heat pump is not that profitable. The initial investment is high, the monthly savings on electricity bills are relatively small, so the repayment period can be up to 20 years.
Experts say that the combination of heat pumps and solar panels is the most cost-effective system, both economically and environmentally.
The cost of the complete installation of heat pumps depends on its type, the size of the space to be heated, but also other forms of saving electricity such as good insulation, windows and doors.
The most favorable starting investment is an inverter air conditioner that functions according to the air-air system. They are suitable for small rooms, but are a weak solution for larger houses with radiators.
Devices that work according to the air-water system are the most popular and their price includes installation ranges from three to eight thousand euros.
Soil-water and water-water systems are significantly more expensive, they require the drilling of wells and the installation of geothermal probes, so the installation investment can reach 15 thousand euros.
Although more expensive, these devices have a more stable level of efficiency throughout the year compared to devices that use air.
The State of Serbia subsidizes the installation of heat pumps as part of the program of energy rehabilitation of commercial houses and apartments, which is implemented by the Ministry of Mining and Energy in cooperation with local governments and the World Bank.
The Minister of Mining and Energy, Dubravka Đedović Handanović, says that the amount of subsidies for individual measures is up to 50 percent, and that socially vulnerable categories of citizens can receive subsidies of up to 90 percent of the value of the works.
In Europe, heat pumps have been used for some time and their application is constantly growing.
Data from the German Economic Institute (IW) show that in 2025 they were the most commonly installed type of heating system in Germany.
The UK government has promised to ban the sale of gas boilers from 2035 and set a target of installing 600 heat pumps per year by 2028.
Although the law on efficient use of electricity has been in force in Serbia since 2012, the installation of heat pumps in Serbia is still in its infancy.
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